Ascochyta blight
Ascochyta spp.
What is Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta spp.)?
Ascochyta blight (AB) is a fungal disease caused by various species of Ascochyta fungi, including Ascochyta rabiei, Ascochyta fabae f.sp. fabae, Ascochyta fabae f.sp. lentis, and Ascochyta pisi, each species specifically infects its respective crop. It affects pulse crops such as chickpeas, faba beans, lentils, and field peas, leading to yield losses and quality issues. AB has a global distribution and thrives in cool and wet conditions. Symptoms include leaf lesions with brown to black spots (pycnidia) and stem and pod lesions. Severe cases can result in yield losses, premature leaflet drop, and stem dieback.
How does Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta spp.) occur?
Ascochyta blight reproduces through spores called conidia, which are dispersed by wind, rain, or mechanical means. Conidia infect susceptible plants through wounds or natural openings. The fungi form pycnidia within plant tissues, producing more conidia. These conidia spread to new plants, causing infections. The fungi can also survive in infected debris or as dormant structures called sclerotia, ensuring their persistence between seasons and enabling infection of subsequent crops.
Symptoms
1 - Plants Health
• Ascochyta blight, a fungal disease, has detrimental effects on plants. It leads to significant yield losses, causing fewer pods and smaller seeds, ultimately reducing crop productivity. • Moreover, it results in grain discoloration, which negatively impacts the market value and suitability of the crop for consumption or processing.
2 - Soil Health
Pathogen Persistence: Ascochyta fungi survive in infected plant debris or as dormant structures, leading to disease recurrence. The buildup of infected debris impacts soil fertility and can contribute to other soilborne diseases.
Solutions
1 - Cultural Practices and Crop Management
• Rotate crops to allow spores on the soil or crop residue to lose viability. • Plant pulses in paddocks after a specified break to minimize disease carryover. • Remove or bury contaminated trash residue, minimizing wind erosion risks. • Control alternative hosts and weeds that can harbor Ascochyta spores. • Inspect crops regularly to identify disease symptoms early for timely intervention.
2 - Variety Selection and Seed Management
• Plant more tolerant varieties that show resistance or reduced susceptibility to Ascochyta blight. • Some examples of pulse crop cultivars with resistance or tolerance to Ascochyta blight. • Sow clean seeds that are free from Ascochyta contamination. Consider using registered seed treatments to protect against early infection.
3 - Chemical Control
• Several fungicides are available for the control of Ascochyta blight in pulse crops. These include Aviator® Xpro (bixafen and prothioconazole), Quadris® (azoxystrobin), Boscalid-based fungicides (Lance®, Filan®), pyraclostrobin-based fungicides (Cabrio®), and thiophanate-methyl-based fungicides (Topsin®). • It is important to consult local agricultural authorities and follow the guidelines provided by fungicide manufacturers for proper and effective application.
Susceptible Species
European Silver Fir
Peaches And Cream Japanese Maple
European Hornbeam
Pyramidal European Hornbeam
Weeping European Hornbeam
Harlequin Glorybower
Spindle Tree
Dawyck Gold Beech
Dawyck Purple Beech
Pyramidal Beech
Weeping Beech
Purple Fountain Beech
Purple Beech
Weeping Purple Beech
Red Obelisk Beech
Arbequina European Olive
European alder
pearly everlasting
pearly everlasting
peanut
European wild ginger
king's spear
European white birch
silver birch
peacock plant
willow bell
willow bell
peach-leaved bellflower
willow bell
willow bell
willow bell
Siberian peashrub
rose peashrub
European fan palm
European fan palm
butterfly pea
cucumber
pearlbush
pearlbush
pearlbush
pearlbush
purple beech
European beech
European beech
European beech
European beech
European beech
European ash
European ash
European ash
peacock gladiolus
European larch
sweet pea
European water clover
spearmint
balsampear
prickly-pear
prickly-pear
prickly-pear
plains prickly pear
pearl millet
pearl millet
garden pea
Chinese pearlbloom
sweet pea shrub
badja peak mint bush
David's peach
dwarf peach
peach
ornamental peach
dwarf peach
peach
peach
callery pear
callery pear
callery pear
callery pear
common pear
common pear
common pear
dwarf pear
common pear
willowleaf pear
willowleaf pear
willowleaf pear
pear
pear
black elder
black elder
black elder
black elder
black elder
black elder
blue elder
black elder
string of pearls
European mountain ash
peace lily
European bladdernut
European linden
globe flower
European cranberrybush
European cranberrybush
European cranberrybush
European cranberrybush
European cranberrybush
Snowy Day Blizzard pearlbush
European crabapple
water spearmint
Asian pear
Irish moss
string-of-pearls
deadly nightshade
peace lily
European Agrimony
European Water-Plantain
Running Chuckleypear
European Beachgrass
European Beachgrass
American Hog Peanut
Tall Pussytoes
Burdock
Seep Spring Arnica
European Hart's-Tongue Fern
Halberd Leaf Orache
European Searocket
European Sea Rocket
Russian Pea Shrub
European Woodland Sedge
Common Centaury
European Chickweed
Chick Pea
Buddhist rosary bead
Red Pearls Anthurium
Pearl Laceleaf
Albino Berry
Golden Glory
Peanut
King's Spear
Peach Palm
Jasmine Pea
Brazilian Prickly Pear
Peanut Butter Fruit Tree
Peanut Butter Fruit
Wild Peanut Tree
Yellow Peacock flower
Peacock Flower
Mexican Peacock flower
Pigeon Pea
Peacock plant
Peacock Plant
Siberian Peashrub
Popcorn Cassia
Spanish Chestnut
European Centaury
Butterfly Pea
Wild Sensitive Plant
Dwarf Fan Palm
Heart-leaf Flame Pea
Butterfly Pea
Orange Peacock Ginger
Garlic Pear Tree
Sacred Garlic Pear
Madagascar Pea
String of peas
Bush Pear
Clusterpea
Pink Wild Pear
Wild Pear
Giant Spear Lily
Pearlbush
Mountain Garcinia
Coral Pea
Hibiscus Jane Cowel Double peach
Holly
Peacock Ginger
Peacock Ginger
Cape Leewin Climber
Black Coral Pea
Wild peach
European Honeysuckle
Black Pearl
Four Leaf Clover
Butterfly pea vine
Mussaenda Queen Sirikit
Santa Rita Prickly Pear
Prickly Pear
Prickly Pear
Tree Pear
French Peanut
Spearwood Bush
Pearcea
Pearcea
Pearcea
Avocado
Peacock Orchid
Sacha Inchi
Sweet Pea Bush
Peach
Blue butterfly-bush
Fragrant Pultenaea
Southern Pear
African Peach
Spear Head
Egyptian Pea
Peace Lily
Peace lily
Stanhopea
European Bladdernut
Sturt's desert pea
Tibouchina 'Peace Baby'
Tear-shrub
Sweet Peas
Spineless Hardy Prickly Pear
Purple Prickly Pear
Flowering Pear
FAQ
Do shade growing plants need any Sunlight?
Shade growing plants do need sunlight, although they require less than other plants. They need some direct sunlight each morning to help them photosynthesize and grow properly. Also, indirect sunlight throughout the day helps them stay healthy. Shade growing plants will benefit from the sunshine, but if they get too much or too little, then they can suffer the consequences. It's important to pay attention to the needs of your plants so that you can provide them with the proper light for optimal growth.
How often should you water indoor plants?
Indoor plants should be watered when the soil feels dry to a depth of about two inches, usually about once a week. A helpful technique to determine your plants' watering needs is to feel the soil before and after watering to get a sense of how long it takes to dry out. An important note to remember is that some plants require less water than others, and it's best to research the specific needs of your individual plants. Likewise, if your home is very dry, you might need to water more often as the lack of moisture can stress the plants and lead to problems like brown leaves and wilted stems.
Can my monstera plant get root rot?
Yes, a plant can get root rot. Root rot is a fungal disease that can be caused by over-watering, poor soil drainage, or high humidity levels in the air. Signs of root rot include yellowing leaves, wilting and stunted growth, and damaged or browning root systems. Sometimes it is difficult to detect root rot until the plant is removed from the soil, as the problems are mainly below the soil surface. Treating root rot usually involves removing the affected parts of the plant and replanting the unaffected ones.
Can I put my Monstera outside in summer?
No, you should not put your Monstera outside in summer. Monstera plants need warm, humid air to thrive, and direct sunlight can scorch their leaves. Instead, put your Monstera in a bright, sunny spot with indirect light, making sure the sun never directly hits the leaves. During the summer, keep your Monstera's soil damp and mist it occasionally to keep the leaves hydrated. At nighttime, keep the temperature around 16 - 21°C (60 - 70°F). You can definitely take your Monstera outdoors for short periods of time, just make sure to bring it back in if it starts to get too hot.
What happens if my monstera plant gets too cold?
If your monstera plant gets too cold, it will become vulnerable to pests, disease, or other damage. Cold temperatures can damage the leaves of the plant, causing them to become spotted or limp. The roots of monstera plants may also suffer in cold temperatures, leading to root rot or other diseases. Belonging to the tropical family, monsteras are used to warm environments and do not do well in cold temperatures, so it is important to ensure your plant is kept in conditions that suit their needs.
Is it possible to grow a vegetable garden in a small space?
Yes, it is possible to grow a vegetable garden in a small space. Gardening in a small space can be as simple as growing a few containerized plants in pots and raised beds, or as elaborate as vertically stacking planters, hanging pouches, and hanging baskets on a wall, railing, or fence. Regardless of the size of the space you are working with, some simple techniques such as companion planting, organic fertilizers, and water conservation can help you get the most out of your small vegetable garden.
Is peppermint herb green good for digestion?
Peppermint herb is indeed beneficial for digestion. The flavonoids in the herb support digestion by reducing inflammation in the digestive track, aiding in digestion and relieving indigestion, heartburn, and even the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Additionally, peppermint is naturally rich in menthol, which helps to relax the muscles of the stomach, aiding in the digestion of food. Peppermint herb can be consumed in a variety of forms, such as teas, tinctures and capsules, as well as by adding the herb to food or directly to water or tea.
Should peppermint herb green be consumed daily?
No, peppermint herb green should not be consumed daily. This is because it contains high levels of menthol, which can be toxic if taken in large doses. Additionally, consuming large amounts of peppermint herb green could interfere with the absorption of essential minerals and vitamins, potentially causing vitamin deficiencies. For these reasons, it is best to consult with a doctor before incorporating peppermint herb green into your daily diet.
